Countries that attacked Russia more often than others

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However, the list of those who attacked our country in different centuries is headed by: 1) the Crimean Khanate. Crimean Tatars attacked us more than 14 times. Their first invasions of Russian lands began already in the 1500s. after the defeat of the Great Horde. Then a common border arose between Russia and the Crimean Khanate and, as the classic said, "wrap everything up ...". The raids of the Crimean Tatars on the Russian state became permanent. At the same time, the Tatars of the Kazan Khanate sometimes joined them. The most significant were the Crimean-Nogai raids on Russia to capture slaves (end of the 15th century) and the Russian-Crimean wars (15th-18th centuries); 2) Poland. For the sake of fairness, it must be said that of the 13 (14) known clashes, some were provoked by the Poles, and others by the Russians. But even if we subtract the attacks of Russia from these 13 (14) cases, the conflicts initiated by the Poles are still enough to consider Poland the 2nd in the list of attackers on us. As in the situation with France, here we count the total amount as 13 (14), taking into account the Patriotic War of 1812. Then the Duchy of Warsaw attacked Russia not by itself, but as a vassal of France. In general, historians unite under the name "Russian-Polish Wars" a whole series of military conflicts between Kievan Rus / Russian state and Poland / Rzeczpospolita, starting from 981 and ending in 1939; 3) Turkey. Here historians count 12 (27) cases of military conflicts. This difference in calculations is, again, in situations where Turkey participated in attacks on our country as part of coalitions of other states. Plus, here, just like with Poland, it is necessary to delimit the cases when they attacked us from the cases when we attacked; but still there will be quite a lot of first cases: 12 wars in 351 years. The aggregate of military conflicts between the Russian and Ottoman empires in the 16th-20th centuries, which became the most serious clashes between our powers, is called the general term "Russian-Turkish wars"; 4) Sweden. It completes the list of undoubted "leaders" among the attackers, counting 10 clashes within the Russian-Swedish wars from 1142 to 1809. Here, as in the 2 previous cases, there were also inclinations from 2 sides, but there were quite a few conflicts initiated by Sweden. to count her on the list of "leaders" in attacks against us. Already in the XII century. Sweden and the Novgorod Republic shared a sphere of influence in the Baltics. In the XX century. our countries did not collide with each other, therefore the national memory does not associate Sweden with the aggressors. Meanwhile, it was not in vain that Peter the Great even built a city in the north on purpose - they say, “to spite the arrogant neighbor ... from now on we will threaten the Swede” (according to Alexander Pushkin). At the same time, the named states sometimes united among themselves for general attacks on Russia. This was the case in 1598-1612. During our Time of Troubles, Poland and Sweden strove with all their might to seize Russian lands. So it was in the Patriotic War of 1812, when France's vassal states marched against us led by France. (As part of this bloc, in the Russian campaign of Napoleon, according to various historians, from 650 thousand to 685 thousand people took part.) This was the case in the Crimean War, when Russia was fighting, in fact, with a good half of Europe. This was the case in other years as well. The motto of Russia in all these cases can be called the biblical formula (supposedly?) Uttered by Alexander Nevsky: "Whoever comes to us with a sword will die by the sword."

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